Vim
Vi is free, open-source advanced text editor. A clone of Vi called Vim is now commonly used as a vImproved alternative. It is often used on Linux flavours although ports for Windows gVim portable and Mac OSX Vim for Mac are available. It has many keyboard-shortcut-based commands, just a few of which are listed here.
Commands
Movement
Command mode
Beginning of word: b
End of current word: e
Beginning of line: 0 or \^
End of line: $
====Insert mode==== Beginning of line: Home key
End of line: End key
Search and replace
:%s/OLD/NEW/g
Delete all occurances of a string
:g/STRING/d
Delete all empty lines
:g/^$/d
Delete all lines with only spaces
:g/^ *$/d
Delete all duplicate lines
:sort u
Jump to beginning / end of file
'G' alone moves the cursor to the end of file; 'gg' to the beginning of the file.
Show line numbers
:set number
Hide line numbers
:set nonumber
Goto line number 20
:20
Cut/Delete a whole line
To cut the current line:
dd
To cut 10 lines below the cursor:
10dd
Copy/Yank many lines
To copy the current line:
Y
To copy 10 lines below the cursor:
10Y
To copy all lines below the curosr:
yG
Paste a whole line
The data from this line is placed in a local clipboard called a register and can be restored with 'p' (below cursor) or 'P' (above cursor).
Insert text at the beginning on each line
Insert a double quote " at the beginning of each line:
:%s!^!"!
Insert text at the beginning of all lines below the cursor
Useful for commenting out text in bulk in Apache, insert a # at the
beginning of all ines below the cursor:
:.,$s!^!#!
. means current line
, range delimeter
$ refers to EOF/last line
s substitute command\
Show Clipboard items / registers
:reg
Paste from register number 2
"2p
Allow pasting in Vi without Indents
:set paste
Create a new line below the current line
o
Append text at the end of the current line
A
Delete trailing white space form all lines
:%s/\\s\\+$//
Visual mode commands
Whilst in command mode, press v to enter visual mode. The cursor keys can now be used to select text. the following commands will affect the text that has been selected. Copy/Yank and Cut/Delete can also be used with visual mode.
Indent text
>
De-Indent text
<
Sort text
To pipe any selected text into an external command and replace with its output:
:! command
Use sort:
:! sort
Using external commands
Vim can run an external command with the current file. The file saved on
disk or the current unsaved buffer can be used:
% File on disk
- Current buffer
Diff current unsaved buffer with saved version
:w !diff % -
Get number of lines through wc
:w !wc -
Syntax check of PHP
:w !php5 -l -
Recall previous external command
Same as Bash: :!!
Insert command output
:r !echo hello
Cheat sheet
http://www.eec.com/business/vi.html
Settings commands by default
If a particular option or command needs to be the default in Vim - it
needs to be run every time you start Vim - create a text file called
.exrc or .vimrc in your home directory and place your commands in
there without the proceeding colon. For example to display line numbers
and search case insensitively by default your .vimrc file would look
like this:
set number
set ignorecase
Viewing panes
To split the current file into two horizontal panes:
:split
Use Ctrl+W to switch panes.
Recall previous command
Press Esc to enter command mode, type a single colon, after which the up and down keys can be used in the same manner as BASH.
Redo last typed text
Type a set of text in INSERT mode and go into COMMAND mode by pressing
Esc. Now pressing . (a dot/period) will re-type the text typed in.
Tabs
Vim can open many files at once and arrange them in tabs:
vim -p blah.csv blah2.csv
To move between tabs use :tabn and :tabp
Run a command on all files/tabs open
:tabdo $s/replace/this/g